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Brain & nervous system
The brain, spinal cord and nerves receive information, coordinate movement and regulate thought, sensation and sleep. Nerve cells depend on adequate nutrients, electrical signaling and a steady energy supply.
Vitamin B12 Required for myelin and normal nervous-system function. Deficiency can cause neurological problems even without anemia.Established nutrient roleVitamin B1, thiamine Thiamine-dependent enzymes help cells process fuel. Severe deficiency can injure the nervous system.Established nutrient roleVitamin B6 and P5P Participates in neurotransmitter synthesis. Excess supplemental B6 can itself damage sensory nerves.Established role; excess riskOmega-3 fatty acids DHA is a structural component of brain-cell membranes. That role does not establish a cognitive benefit from supplements.Established structural roleMelatonin A hormone involved in the body's sleep timing. Supplement evidence depends on the specific sleep or circadian problem.Condition-specific evidenceGinkgo biloba Studied for memory and cognition, but a large trial did not prevent dementia in older adults.No established prevention benefit
Know the context. Correcting a nutrient deficiency differs from enhancing an already well-nourished brain. These guides explain normal roles and study limits, not a proven memory or nootropic stack.
